TCVN 4514:2012 Industrial workshops – General plan – Design Standard

Foreword

TCVN 4514:2012 replaces TCVN 4514:1988.

TCVN 4514:2012 was converted from TCVN 4514:1988 in accordance with the provisions of Clause 1, Article 69 of the Law on Standards and Technical Regulations and Point b), Clause 1, Article 6 of the Government’s Decree No. 127/2007/ND-CP dated August 1, 2007 detailing the implementation of a number of articles of the Law on Standards and Technical Regulations.

TCVN 4514:2012 was compiled by the Institute of Architecture, Urban and Rural Planning – Ministry of Construction, proposed by the Ministry of Construction, appraised by the Directorate for Standards, Metrology and Quality, and announced by the Ministry of Science and Technology.

1. Scope

This standard is applied to the design of general layouts for newly built or renovated industrial enterprises nationwide.

2. Referenced documents

The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

TCVN 2622:2005, Fire protection for buildings and structures – Design requirements.

3. Planning and general layout arrangement

3.1. General provisions

3.1.1. The selection of location and area of the construction site must be based on the design scale, capacity, and technological nature of the enterprise and comply with the regulations on construction planning [1].

3.1.2. The general layout planning of an industrial enterprise must ensure:

– The most favorable conditions for the production process and working conditions in the enterprise;

– Efficient use of land area, achieving the highest investment efficiency;

– When selecting the general layout option, refer to the technical and economic indicators specified in Appendix A of this standard.

3.1.3. The overall layout of the enterprise must satisfy the following requirements:

a) Functional zoning must take into account the relationships and technology, hygiene, fire protection, traffic, and construction sequence.

b) Reasonably ensure the relationship between production, supply of raw materials, transportation of products and semi-finished products, technical networks within the enterprise as well as with other enterprises.

c) Routes for transporting workers and pedestrian paths must ensure safety, and the distance from residence to workplace must be the shortest.

d) When renovating and expanding the enterprise, make use of the vacant land on the general layout; if conditions permit, additional floors can be added, and the development of adjacent land areas must be considered.

e) Uniformly and rationally organize the system of cultural and social service facilities for workers.

f) The architectural complex must be unified and compatible with the surrounding environment.

g) Construct and put the enterprise into operation in stages.

3.1.4. The overall layout planning of an industrial enterprise must be divided into the following functional areas:

a) The administrative area includes public service facilities: administrative office, on-duty room, canteen, clinic, club, laboratory, vocational training room, etc.

b) The production area concentrates the main production facilities.

c) The auxiliary area includes energy supply facilities, power facilities, water supply station, wastewater collection and treatment, repair and maintenance of transportation means, packaging.

d) The warehouse area, berths for means of transport, and waste dumps.

3.1.5. Spatial architectural integration determines precisely the architectural features and construction conditions of each functional area.

a) The front area of the enterprise must have an architecturally organized space with high aesthetic requirements.

b) The architecture of the main production area must reflect the internal production characteristics of the enterprise and meet the technical requirements for construction.

c) The architecture of the auxiliary area must be compatible with the equipment of the enterprise.

d) The warehouse and wharf areas must be conveniently and safely organized for the flow of goods and people.

3.1.6. When selecting means of transportation within the enterprise, it must be based on a comparison of different technical and economic options and ensure the uniformity of means of transporting processed materials from the warehouse to the point of use, including loading and unloading in the workshops.

3.1.7. When planning the overall layout of an enterprise on agricultural land, it must comply with the regulations on construction planning [1].

3.2. Arrangement of buildings and structures

3.2.1. The distance between buildings and structures must be minimized and must comply with the technological conditions, traffic, environmental protection, and other conditions, not less than the distance specified in TCVN 2622:1995.

3.2.2. Building types as well as dimensions, details, and layout components should be used appropriately for the production industry.

3.3.3. The construction density of the general layout (building density coefficient) can refer to the provisions in Appendix B.

3.2.4. Production buildings, auxiliary buildings, social service buildings, and enclosed warehouses can be arranged in a dispersed or combined manner.

In case of a combined arrangement, it must be based on an analysis of economic efficiency, production requirements, construction, industrial hygiene, fire protection, ventilation, and drainage.

3.2.5. Buildings and structures should be arranged in the direction of:

– Receiving cool winds, avoiding hot and cold winds;

– Avoiding direct sunlight, taking advantage of natural light. The construction area for workers’ rest facilities, administrative offices, canteens, medical rooms, etc., must be arranged upwind of the production workshops and must have measures to prevent the impact of dust, toxic gases, and noise.

3.2.6. Production and testing buildings, equipment that emit toxic gases and dust during the production process, and facilities with a risk of fire and explosion must be located downwind of other structures in the overall layout, while ensuring the distance from the structure to adjacent structures.

3.2.7. Cooling tanks, sludge settling tanks, etc., must be located in places that do not cause pollution to the surrounding environment in case of an incident.

3.2.8. In areas with storms and hot winds, plant windbreak green belts. The width of the windbreak green belts must not be less than 20 m.

3.2.9. The overall layout allows the design of enclosed and non-enclosed inner courtyards when required by technology or planning.

NOTE:

1. A non-enclosed inner courtyard is a courtyard with three sides having workshops connected together, with the ratio between the enclosed side and the open side greater than 1.

2. In special cases, due to technological requirements and when no toxic substances are generated during the production process, it is permitted to connect separate structures in the courtyard with the building to form a courtyard, but the provisions in 3.2.10 and 3.2.11 of this standard must be satisfied.

3.2.10. Non-enclosed inner courtyards must meet the following requirements:

a) The long side of the courtyard must be parallel or at a 45° angle to the prevailing cool wind direction. The open side of the courtyard must face the prevailing cool wind direction.

b) For buildings using natural light through a window system, the width of the courtyard must be taken as less than half the total height of the opposite building parts forming that courtyard but not less than 15 m. In case no toxic substances are generated during the production process, the width of the courtyard can be reduced to 12 m.

NOTE:

1. When the ratio of the enclosed side to the open side is greater than 3, the building part opposite the open side must be designed with door openings with a width of not less than 4 m and a height of not less than 4.5 m.

2. In areas with hot and dry winds, the open side of the courtyard must be arranged downwind. If arranged in the opposite direction, a shielding wall must be built in front of the open side of the courtyard.

3.2.11. Enclosed inner courtyards must meet the following requirements:

a) The width of the courtyard must not be less than the height of the tallest building forming the courtyard but not less than 18 m.

b) The doorways must have a width of not less than 4 m and a height according to the calculation.

3.2.12. Standalone energy and ventilation structures are allowed to be arranged in non-enclosed courtyards, but the distance from the structure to the building must comply with the conditions forming a non-enclosed courtyard as specified in 3.2.10 of this standard.

3.2.13. Mist spraying tanks must have a length perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction in summer.

3.2.14. The positioning axes of buildings of the same type, facing each other, must be aligned on straight lines.

3.2.15. The minimum distance from buildings and structures to open-air material supply warehouses, as well as the distance between warehouses, complies with the provisions in TCVN 2622:1995.

3.2.16. The minimum distance from a gas tower (or liquefied gas tank) to buildings and structures is specified in Table 1.

Table 1 – Distance from gas tower (or liquefied gas tank) to buildings and structures

Dimensions in meters

Buildings and structures	Distance to gas tower
Buildings and structures	Piston type	Constant volume and with water tank
1. Public buildings	150	100
2. Coal storage with a capacity of 10,000 to 100,000 tons	18	15
3. Peat storage with a capacity below 10,000 tons	30	24
4. Wood and firewood storage with a capacity of: – 1,000 m³ to less than 10,000 m³ – Less than 1,000 m³	48 36	42 30
5. Combustible sawdust and shavings storage: – 1,000 m³ to 5,000 m³ – Less than 1,000 m³	48 36	42 30
6. Flammable liquid fuel storage with a capacity of: – 1,000 m³ to 2,000 m³ – 500 m³ to 1,000 m³ – Less than 500 m³	42 36 30	36 30 24
7. Liquid fuel storage with a capacity of: – 5,000 m³ to 10,000 m³ – 2,500 m³ to 5,000 m³ – Less than 2,500 m³	42 36 30	36 30 24
8. Production and auxiliary buildings of industrial enterprises:
– Fire resistance level I, II – Fire resistance level III, IV, V	30 36	24 30
9. Buildings and structures serving gas storage facilities	21	15
10. Industrial furnaces and equipment with open flames	100	100
11. Chimneys	Equal to chimney height
12. Power grids	Equal to 1.5 times the pole height
NOTE: 1. The distances specified in Table 1 are for gas tower clusters or standalone towers with a capacity greater than 1,000 m³. For other tower clusters or standalone gas towers with a total capacity less than 1,000 m³, the distances listed in Table 1 can be reduced by the following factors: – 0.7 for towers with a capacity from 250 m³ to 1,000 m³; – 0.5 for towers with a capacity less than 250 m³. 2. For underground liquid fuel and flammable liquid storage, the distance mentioned in item 7 of Table 1 can be reduced by 50%. 3. The distance to oxygen storage towers can be reduced by 50% of the distance to combustible gas towers taken according to TCVN 2622:1995. 4. The capacity of gas towers must be calculated according to their geometric volume.

3.2.17. It is allowed to arrange open-air warehouses for non-combustible materials in the area between gas towers and between buildings and structures.

3.2.18. The distance between buildings and water cooling structures is specified in Table 2.

Table 2 – Distance between buildings and water cooling structures

Dimensions in meters

Buildings and structures	Allowable distance
Buildings and structures	Water spray tanks	Cooling towers	Unitized cooling towers with fans at ground level	Unitized cooling towers with fans on the roof
1. Water spray tanks (mist spraying)	–	30	30	–
2. Cooling towers	30	0.5 tower diameter at window height but not less than 18
3. Unitized cooling towers with fans at ground level	30	15	9 – 24	–
4. Unitized cooling towers with fans on the roof	–	–	–	12
5. Outdoor transformer substations and power transmission lines	80	30	42	42
6. Open material supply warehouses at ground level, not less than	60	21	24	15
7. Technical networks located on the ground and above ground, protection fences	9	9	9	9
8. Center line of railway tracks outside the factory	80	42	60	21
9. Center line of railway tracks within the factory	30	12	12	9
10. Edge of public roads outside the factory	60	21	39	9
11. Edge of internal factory roads, branch roads into the factory.	21	9	9	9
NOTE: 1. For item 3 in the above Table: when the area of the tower unit is less than 20 m², the distance is 9 m; – From 20 m² to 100 m²: the distance is 15 m; – From 100 m² to 200 m²: the distance is 21 m; – Over 200 m²: the distance is 24 m. For item 9 in the above Table: when using steam locomotive traction and the tower structure has fire barriers, the distance is 21 m. 2. The dimensions in the Table from items 1 to 4 are calculated as the clearance between independent towers and water spray tanks arranged in the same row. In case of arranging multiple cooling towers with different areas, the distance between those towers is taken according to the tower with the largest area. 3. The distance between single-fan cooling towers is determined according to the arrangement conditions of technical structures but not larger than 15 m. The distance from a single-fan cooling tower to buildings and structures is taken the same as for cooling towers without fans. 4. For cooling towers, the distances in the Table are specified for tower rows with an area less than 3,000 m². For larger types, the distance must be taken in accordance with the necessary requirements. 5. The distance between towers in a row is taken as follows: – Non-fan towers: 0.4 times the base diameter but not less than 12 m. – Unitized blocks of cooling towers with fans at ground level and on the roof: 3 m. – Fan towers: twice the height of the air intake but not less than 3 m. 6. For repair and renovation enterprises, the distance between cooling equipment and between equipment and buildings and structures is allowed to be reduced but not by more than 28%. The distance between water cooling equipment and roads and technical systems located on the ground or on racks serving this equipment is not specified.

3.3. Gates, traffic networks

3.3.1. The general layout of the enterprise must arrange two gates: one main gate and one auxiliary gate. The enterprise gates must be located at the main entrance and exit for workers.

3.3.2. The width of the gate with vehicle entry/exit to the enterprise must be taken as the maximum width of the vehicle plus 1.5 m but not less than 4.5 m. If the gate has a railway passing through, the width must not be less than 4.5 m.

3.3.3. The area of yards in front of the entrances to social service buildings and administrative buildings must be calculated with the standard: not larger than 0.15 m²/person for the busiest shift.

3.3.4. The arrangement of traffic routes, sidewalks, technical structures placed underground or on the ground, green belts located within the distance between buildings and structures must ensure that the total distance between them is less than the distance between buildings and structures specified in this standard.

3.3.5. Railways leading into buildings must be designed as dead-end branches. It is allowed to arrange a railway passing through a workshop in special cases but it must comply with the technological requirements stated in the construction investment report.

3.3.6. When bringing a railway into a building, an empty space with a length not less than the length of a train carriage must be arranged in front of the door.

In case of repair and renovation, it is allowed not to arrange that empty space.

3.3.7. The distance from the center line of the railway to buildings and structures is specified as follows:

a) Buildings: specified in Table 3.

b) Wood storage with a capacity less than 10,000 m³: 5.0 m.

c) Other structures are taken according to the architectural clearance limits as per relevant regulations.

NOTE:

1. The fence of the enterprise or the land area that needs to be protected must be arranged at a minimum distance of 5 m from the center line of the railway (the distance is measured from the outer edge of the fence).

2. On railway sections within the factory, it is advisable to use special-sized carriages or transport large-sized goods, then the architectural clearance limits must be taken according to the carriage dimensions or the dimensions being transported.

3.3.8. Arrangement of roads within the enterprise must be based on the needs, transport volume, raw materials, and number of workers when the factory is completed and put into production, as well as the needs during the construction period.

3.3.9. It is allowed to build temporary roads in special cases and there must be a technical and economic justification.

3.3.10. When designing a dead-end road, a turning point for vehicles must be organized at the end of the road in accordance with relevant regulations.

Table 3 – Distance from the center line of the railway to buildings

Dimensions in meters

Buildings	Railway gauge
Buildings	1 435	1 000	750
1. Building side with entrance	6.0	6.0	5
2. Building side without entrance	3.1	3.1	2
3. Building side with entrance and a fence arranged (length greater than 10 m) separating the entrance and the railway	4.1	4.1	3.5
NOTE: The distance to the building is measured from the outer edge of the wall or protruding parts of stairwells, porches, eaves.

3.3.11. The distance to buildings and structures is taken not less than the values specified in Table 4.

3.3.12. The dimensions of roads located in tunnels or under pipelines, overpasses, conveyor corridors are specified as follows:

a) The width is equal to the vehicle width plus 1.0 m.

b) The height is not less than 5.0 m. When calculating, the dimensions of the vehicle and the transported goods must be considered.

Table 4 – Distance to buildings and structures

Dimensions in meters

Buildings and structures	Distance
1. Buildings without vehicle entrance:
a) When the length is less than 20 m	1.5
b) When the length is greater than 20	3.0
2. Buildings with entrance for two-axle vehicles and electric loading/unloading vehicles	8.8
3. Buildings with entrance for three-axle vehicles	12.0
4. Railway:
a) Gauge 1,435; 1,000	3.75
b) Gauge 750	3.0
5. Fence protecting the enterprise land area	1.5
6. Fence of protected parts within the enterprise land area	5.0
7. Supports for pipelines and overpasses	0.5
NOTE: The distances in the Table are measured from: – The outer edge of the wall for buildings; – The center line for railways; – The outer edge for support pillars.

3.3.13. Roads for fire trucks comply with the provisions in TCVN 2622:1995.

3.3.14. If using corridor roads or overhead cables to transport goods, the distance from the transport equipment to buildings and structures is specified in Table 5.

Table 5 – Distance from transport equipment to buildings and structures

Dimensions in meters

Buildings and structures	Distance
1. Protruding parts of buildings and structures and trees (outer edge of leaning trees)	Not less than 1
2. Ground surface where there is no construction	Not less than 4.5
3. Top of railway tracks	According to railway design standards
4. Road surface	Not less than 5
5. Surface of rivers and canals with passing vessels	Not less than the clearance height of bridges on those rivers and canals

3.3.15. At the intersections of pedestrian paths and railways or roads (except construction service routes) with a pedestrian traffic density of not less than 300 people/h, an overpass or pedestrian tunnel must be arranged.

3.3.16. The intersection between special material transport routes or roads (excluding construction routes) must be arranged at different elevations, and the special material transport route must be arranged at a lower elevation.

3.3.17. When there are many road branches intersecting the railway at high elevations, the distance between the roads must be taken greater than the length of the train.

3.4. Leveling planning

3.4.1. Leveling planning needs to ensure the following requirements:

a) Ability to protect natural terrain;

b) During construction, it is not allowed to let water flow directly into lower terrain;

c) Drainage ditches on hills must be at least 5.0 m away from the boundary of the cultivated land area.

3.4.2. It is allowed to plan leveling for the entire land area, when the construction density is greater than 25% or the enterprise’s layout has dense road routes and technical networks.

In other cases, local leveling planning should be applied within the scope of building and structure placement.

NOTE: Local leveling should be applied in landslide areas, hills, or places with unfavorable hydrogeological conditions to protect valuable land and plants.

3.4.3. The leveling slope is taken as follows:

For clay soil: from 0.003 to 0.005;
For sandy soil: 0.03;
For soil susceptible to erosion (loamy soil, fine sand): 0.01.

3.4.4. The elevation of the finished ground floor must be higher than the planned elevation of the ground contacting the building by at least 0.15 m.

3.4.5. The floor of underground rooms must be taken at least 0.5 m higher than the groundwater level.

3.4.6. In case it is necessary to arrange rooms above with an elevation lower than the groundwater level, waterproofing measures or lowering the groundwater level must be used, and the possibility of groundwater rising during the operation of the enterprise must be considered.

3.5. Finishing works

3.5.1. Sidewalks within the enterprise must be arranged as follows:

a) Adjacent to the building wall when organizing roof rainwater drainage through pipes. In these cases, the width of the sidewalk must be increased by 0.5 m compared to the calculation.

b) Not less than 1.5 m away from the edge of the building wall if roof water collection is not organized.

c) Not less than 2.0 m away from the edge of the road.

d) Not less than 3.75 m away from the center line of the nearest railway. In special cases, it is allowed to take less than the architectural clearance limit of the railway and must have a protective railing.

NOTE:

1. Sidewalks are only allowed to be arranged adjacent to the edge of the road in case of renovation planning.

2. Pedestrian entrances are allowed to be arranged along the road but must be clearly separated from the road by grass strips with a minimum width of 1.0 m and must have a protective railing.

3.5.2. The width of the sidewalk is taken as a multiple of the 0.75 m walking strip but not less than 1.5 m. The number of traffic strips on the sidewalk is determined by the number of workers in the busiest shift of a workshop (or a group of workshops) using that walkway.

NOTE:

1. The number of people is calculated for one traffic strip is 750.

2. When lighting poles, power line pylons, roadside trees, etc., are arranged within the scope of sidewalks and pedestrian paths, the width of the sidewalk is increased by 0.5 m to 1.2 m.

3. When the number of pedestrians is less than 100 people per hour, it is allowed to arrange sidewalks with a width of 1.0 m.

3.5.3. Sidewalks adjacent to the road surface must have a surface equal to the top of the road edge stone and must be at least 0.15 m higher than the adjacent road surface.

3.5.4. For buildings without sidewalks, when drainage along the building is needed, arrange drainage ditches 1.0 m away from the building wall, measured from the inner edge of the ditch.

3.5.5. The minimum width of bicycle paths is 1.5 m for one lane and 2.5 m for two lanes.

3.5.6. When designing the general layout, it is necessary to have a layout of greenery as well as environmental protection solutions. The minimum area for planting trees is 15% of the total layout area.

On land strips that are not paved with bricks or concrete, grass must be planted.

NOTE: If the density of greenery is greater than 50%, the minimum area for planting trees is allowed to be 10% of the land area.

3.5.7. Existing trees on the general layout of the enterprise need to be protected and utilized to the maximum.

Trees planted in the enterprise must ensure hygiene and have the ability to survive under the impact of enterprise waste.

NOTE: It is not allowed to plant types of trees that generate fibrous or cotton-like dust in areas with workshops that have precise production processes or electrical substations.

3.5.8. Administrative buildings, laboratories, canteens, medical rooms, etc., need to have protective green belts with a minimum width of 6.0 m.

Between workshops that require noise protection, green belts should be arranged, the width of the green belts is determined by calculation for each specific case.

3.5.9. On the general layout, there must be measures to protect sloping soil roofs, prevent erosion, waterlogging, salinization, oil spills, and contamination of water sources.

3.5.10. An area for storing organic matter must be arranged on the enterprise’s land.

3.5.11. A fence must be arranged around the enterprise’s land area. The fence must satisfy the requirements of technical safety protection and architectural aesthetics.

4. Arrangement of technical networks

4.1. In an industrial enterprise, a unified system of technical networks must be designed and placed in centralized pipelines into a technical route. If arranged separately, there must be a technical and economic justification.

4.2. The selection of options for placing technical networks (on the ground, overhead, or underground) must be carried out on the basis of technical and economic calculations and must be approved by the competent authority.

4.3. When arranging technical networks, the following issues need to be studied:

a) Placing different networks into common pipelines or on supports to ensure hygiene, fire protection, and safety during use.

b) Integrated layout of networks, ensuring convenient connections between buildings and structures.

4.4. It is not allowed to place external network pipelines carrying toxic gases, flammable liquids, liquid fuels under structures.

4.5. Underground technical networks

4.5.1. Underground technical networks must be placed outside the scope of the vehicle roadway. It is allowed to place underground technical networks in main trenches and pipelines under the green area and sidewalks but there must be a reasonable justification and approval from the competent authority.

NOTE:

1. Technical networks are only allowed to be placed under the vehicle roadway when other options cannot be implemented, in this case, adaptive measures must be taken.

2. Ventilation ducts, emergency caps, entrances, and other parts of tunnels must be placed outside the scope of the vehicle roadway.

3. When placed in trenches, it is allowed to arrange technical networks within the scope of road shoulders.

4.5.2. Underground technical networks are allowed in the following locations:

In one-way drainage channels on non-subsiding and non-sliding ground;
Having entrances to buildings or intersections with railway routes. The depth of placing underground channels must be taken at the minimum level according to the calculation.

4.5.3. In tunnels with one-way passages or in main pipeline sections, it is allowed to place gas pipes with a pressure of less than 60 Pa along with other pipelines and communication cables under ventilated conditions.

4.5.4. It is not allowed to jointly arrange the following types of pipelines in the same tunnel or in the main pipeline:

Power and lighting cables with gas pipelines;
Heating pipelines with pipelines carrying flammable liquids and liquid fuels;
Cold water pipes, fire water supply pipes with pipelines carrying liquid fuels, flammable liquids. Low-voltage power cables with water pipeline networks;
Oxygen pipelines with pipelines carrying toxic liquids, power cables.

4.5.5. In closed tunnels with pipelines transporting materials with a risk of fire, explosion, flammable liquids, liquid fuels, toxic liquids, exits must be arranged. The distance between exits shall not be less than 60 m.

4.5.6. The distance from underground technical structures to trees is specified as follows:

For pressurized water pipelines, drainage ditches, heating pipelines, pipelines of heat networks not placed in underground ducts, power cables and communication cables, it is taken as 2.0 m.
For free-flowing ditches, drainage pipes, steam pipelines, it is taken as 1.5 m.

4.5.7. The minimum distance from technical networks placed in underground ducts to the outer edge of buildings and structures is specified in Table 6 and to other technical structures is specified in Table 7.

Table 6 – Minimum distance from technical networks placed in underground ducts to the outer edge of buildings and structures

Dimensions in meters

Name of networks	Build- ing found- ation	Protective fence of electric poles, pipelines and communi-cation networks	Center line of railway	Center line of tram track	Road		Load-bearing pole foundation
Name of networks	Build- ing found- ation		Center line of railway	Center line of tram track	Curb	Outer edge of ditch or foot of slope	Below 1 kV out-door lighting	From 1 to 35 kV	Greater than 35 kV
1. Pressurized water pipelines	5.0	1.5	4.0	2.75	2.0	1.0	1.0	2.0	3.0
2. Free-flowing drainage system, rainwater drainage	3.0	3.0	4.0	2.75	1.5	1.0	1.0	2.0	3.0
3. Water ditches	3.0	1.0	4.0	2.75	1.5	1.0	1.0	2.0	3.0
4. Gas pipelines:
-low pressure 0.5 Pa	2.0	1.0	3.75	2.75	1.5	1.0	1.0	5.0	10.0
-medium pressure below 30 Pa	4.0	1.0	4.75	2.75	1.5	1.0	1.0	5.0	10.0
-high pressure from 30 Pa to 60 Pa	1.0	1.0	7.75	3.75	2.5	1.0	1.0	5.0	10.0
-From 60 Pa to 120 P	10.0	1.0	10.75	3.75	2.5	1.0	1.0	5.0	10.0
5. Heating pipelines from the wall:
– Outside of the channel	2.0	1.5	4.0	2.75	1.5	1.0	1.0	2.0	3.0
– Power and communication cable ducts.	0.6	0.5	3.,25	2.75	1.5	1.0	0.5 ⁽⁺⁾	5 ⁽⁺⁾	10 ⁽⁺⁾
NOTE 1. The values with the symbol (+) are only used for power cables, while communication cables must be taken according to relevant regulations. 2. The distances specified in Table 6 can be changed as follows: a- From the center line of an electrified railway to power cables or communication cables and heating pipelines, it is taken as at least 10 m. b- From water pipes to the outer face of underground tanks, it can be reduced to 9.0 m. c- From pipelines placed in protective pipes to the foundation of buildings and structures, it can be reduced to 3.0 m. d- From pressurized water pipelines placed at a depth of not less than 0.5 m (compared to the bottom of the tunnel or the base of the bridge) to the foundation of tunnel overpasses, it can be taken as 2.0 m. 3. The distance from pressurized water pipelines to the center line of the railway is not less than the depth of the trench.

Table 7 – Minimum distance from technical networks placed in underground ducts to the outer edge of other technical structures

Dimensions in meters

Name of technical networks	Water pipeline	Sewage pipe	Storm drain	Gas pipeline (Pa)				35 kV power cable	Com-munica– tion cable	Placed outside the canal gate
Name of technical networks	Water pipeline	Sewage pipe	Storm drain	low pressure below 0.5	medium pressure 3.0	high pressure from 3.0 to 6.0	high pressure from 6.0 to 12.0	35 kV power cable	Com-munica– tion cable	Placed outside the canal gate
1) Water pipeline	1.5	See note point 2	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.5	2.0	1.0	0.5	1,5
2) Sewage pipeline	See note point 2	0.4	0.4	1.0	1.5	2.0	5.0	1.0	0.5	1,0
3) Storm drain	1.5	0.4	0.4	1.0	1.5	2.0	5.0	1.0	0.5	1,0
4) Gas pipeline	1.0	1.0	1.0	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4	1.0	1.0	2,0
a) low pressure: 0.5 Pa		When diameter is less than 300 mm
b) medium pressure: 30 P	1.0	1.5	1.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	1,0	1.0	2,0
c) high pressure: from 60 Pa	1.5	2.0	2.0	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	1,0	1.0	2,0
c) high pressure: from 60 Pa	1.5	2.0	2.0	When diameter is less than 300 mm				1,0	1.0	2,0
d) high pressure from 60 Pa	2.0	5.0	5.0	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	2,0	2.0	4,0
d) high pressure from 60 Pa	2.0	5.0	5.0	When diameter is less than 300 mm				2,0	2.0	4,0
5) Power cable	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	2.0	0.1-0.5	0.5	2,0
6) Communication cable	0.5	0.5	0.5	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	0.5	–	1,0
7) Heating pipeline.	1.5	1.0	1.0	2.0	2.0	2.0	2.0	2.0	1.0	–
NOTE: 1. In case of repair or renovation, the distance between power cables with a voltage less than 35 kV and pipelines carrying non-combustible liquids and gases is allowed to be 0.5 m. The distance between power cables is allowed to be reduced to 0.25 m but must have protective pipes. If it is not possible to ensure the distance between heating pipelines and cables as specified in Tables 6 and 7, insulation must be arranged for the heating pipelines according to specific calculations. 2. When laying domestic water pipelines parallel to sewage pipelines, the following requirements must be ensured: – For pipelines with a diameter less than 200 mm, the distance is not less than 1.5 m; – For pipelines with a diameter of 200 mm, the distance is not less than 3.0 m; – The pipelines must be made of metal; – The supply pipe must be placed higher than the drainage pipe. If the drainage pipe is placed higher than the supply pipe, the above distances must be increased by an amount equal to the depth difference between the two pipelines. 3. If gas pipelines are laid parallel in the same trench, the clear distance between them is taken as follows: – Greater than 0.4 m for pipelines with a diameter less than 300 mm; – Greater than 0.5 m for pipelines with a diameter greater than 300 mm; 4. The distances specified in Table 7 only apply to types of steel steam pipelines. 5. When placing pipeline networks in the same underground duct, the distance between pipeline types must be taken according to their dimensions, positions, and other structural components, while ensuring the necessary conditions for network assembly and repair as well as the requirements specified from 1 to 4 of the note in Table 7.

4.5.8. The minimum vertical clear distance between technical networks is specified in Table 8.

Table 8 – Minimum vertical clear distance between technical networks

Dimensions in meters

Technical network	Railway	Road	Pipeline	Communication cable	Branch railway
Pipeline	1.0	1.0	0.2	–	1.8
Power cable	1.0	1.0	0.2	0.5	–
NOTE: 1. The distances in Table 8 are taken as follows: – For pipelines: taken from the nearest outer surface. – For power cables: taken from the nearest outer surface of the outer sheath. – Railway: taken from the base of the rail – Road: taken from the road surface. 2. When there are protective devices for pipelines, the distance can be reduced as follows: – To 0.25 m between pipelines and power cables – To 0.15 m between pipelines and communication cables.

4.5.9. At intersections, domestic water pipelines must be placed 0.4 m higher than pipelines carrying sewage, liquids with harmful substances, or foul odors.

When it is necessary to place water supply pipelines lower than sewage pipelines, the following requirements must be ensured:

Water supply pipelines must be made of steel and have an outer sheath;
Sewage pipelines must be laid horizontally;
The clear distance between water supply and drainage pipelines must not be less than:

+ Clay foundation: 5 m;

+ High permeability foundation (sand): 10 m.

4.6. Technical networks placed on the ground

4.6.1. When placing exposed technical networks on the ground, measures must be taken to prevent mechanical and atmospheric damage. Pipelines are allowed to be placed in the following forms:

In open trenches;
In channels, ditches placed on natural ground or on low ground;
In semi-exposed, semi-buried ditches or in open trenches.

4.6.2. It is not allowed to place gas pipelines, product conveying pipelines, chemical (acid, alkali) pipelines, and sewage pipelines in open trenches or ditches.

4.6.3. It is not allowed to place exposed technical networks in locations where there are underground technical networks that require periodic inspection and have no access.

4.7. Overhead technical networks

4.7.1. It is not allowed to place overhead pipelines not managed by the enterprise that carry liquid fuels and products that create easily volatile gases across the enterprise’s premises.

4.7.2. It is not allowed to place pipelines carrying liquid fuels and gas-forming products in corridors where placing a mixture of products can cause an explosion.

4.7.3. Gas pipelines must not be arranged as follows:

Placed on the roof and walls of buildings belonging to the combustible category or in buildings containing materials with a risk of fire and explosion;
Passing through separate buildings and structures not related to the use of gas;
Placed on land areas with liquid fuel and flammable material storage.

4.7.4. When arranging a mixture of many technical pipelines, they must be placed together on the same support, in the same corridor (with a roof), or suspended on the walls of buildings and structures.

4.7.5. In corridors and on supports used to place pipelines carrying flammable liquids and liquid fuels, only access for personnel serving the repair and maintenance of that pipeline network is allowed.

4.7.6. Overhead pipelines carrying flammable liquids and liquid fuels must be arranged at a minimum distance from the building wall as follows:

For walls with window openings: 5.0 m;
For walls without window openings: 2.5 m.

4.7.7. Low supports for placing liquid and gas pipelines as well as power cables or communication cables are arranged as follows:

a) In separate areas only for arranging technical pipelines;

b) In areas with liquid and gas storage;

c) Outside the factory premises and public centers of the enterprise.

NOTE: Low supports are supports with a height not greater than 1.0 m.

4.7.8. The height from the ground to the bottom of the pipe (or the bottom of the pipe protection mesh) placed on low supports in open areas without vehicles and people passing through is taken according to the calculation (considering pipeline repair) but not less than the following:

When the width of the pipe combination is not greater than 1.5 m: 0.35 m;
When the width of the pipe combination is not less than 1.5 m: 0.5 m.

4.7.9. It is allowed to place pipelines with a diameter not greater than 300 mm on low supports, in vertical rows. When placing pipelines on low supports, measures must be taken to prevent vegetation from attaching to the pipe walls.

4.7.10. The minimum clear height between the ground and pipelines on high supports is specified in Table 9.

Table 9 – Minimum clear height between the ground and pipelines on high supports

Dimensions in meters

Area	Height
1. No access for vehicles, only pedestrian access	2.2
2. Ở những điểm giao nhau của đường ống với:
– Road	5.0
– Non-electrified railway	5.6
– Electrified railway	7.1
– Electric passenger tram	7.3
NOTE: The heights in the Table are taken as follows: – From the road surface for roads – From the top of the rail for railways

APPENDIX A (Reference) LIST OF TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC INDICATORS FOR COMPARING GENERAL LAYOUT OPTIONS

A.1. Land area (ha)

A.2. Land area occupied by construction (ha)

A.3. Construction density (%)

A.4. Yard area (ha)

A.5. Railway and road area (ha)

A.6. Open green area (ha)

A.7. Length of railway

a) Within the fence (km)

b) Outside the fence (km)

A.8. Length of road

a) Within the fence (km)

b) Outside the fence (km)

A.9. Length of technical pipelines

a) Within the fence (km)

b) Outside the fence (km)

A.10. Fence length (m)

A.11. Transport volume:

a) Road (t/km)

b) Railway (t/km)

c) Waterway (t/km)

A.12. Volume of excavation and embankment (thousand/m³)

A.13. Investment capital (thousand VND)

APPENDIX B (Reference) MINIMUM CONSTRUCTION DENSITY INDICATORS FOR THE GENERAL LAYOUT OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES

Table B.1 – Minimum construction density indicators for the general layout of industrial enterprises

Industry Name	Industrial Enterprise Name (or Production Sectors)	Minimum Construction Density %
Chemical Industry	1. Mining Chemistry	28
	2. Nitrogen Industry	33
	3. Phosphates and Other Inorganic Chemical Products	32
	4. Industry	32
	5. Chlorine Industry	33
	6. Basic Chemical Products	33
	7. Viscose Fiber	45
	8. Synthetic Fibers	50
	9. Plastics and Synthetic Resins	32
	10. Plastic Product Components	50
	11. Paint Industry	39
	12. Synthetic Product	32
Ferrous Metallurgy	1. Iron Ore Concentration and Products with Capacity:
	+ From 5 million tons/year to 20 million tons/year	22
	+ Greater than 20 million tons/year	27
	2. Crushing and Grading with Capacity:
	+ 3 million tons/year	22
	+ Greater than 3 million tons/year	27
	3. Mechanical Repair and Transport of Open-Pit Mining Enterprises	27
	4. Extraction System and Mining Structures of Underground Mining Enterprises	30
	5. Coke Chemical Processing	30
	6. Metal Products	50
	7. Ferroalloys	30
	8. Pipe Rolling	45
	9. Production of Refractory Products	32
	10. Firing of Refractory Raw Materials, Production of Refractory Powders and Mortar	20
	11. Separation of Scrap Iron and Ferrous Metal Waste	25
Non-Ferrous Metallurgy	1. Aluminum	43
	2. Zinc, Lead, Manganese, Titanium	33
	3. Copper Smelting	38
	4. Extraction System and Structures of Underground Mining Enterprises without a Concentrator with a Capacity below 3 million tons/year	30
	5. Same as above but with a Concentrator	30
	6. Concentrator with a Capacity below 1 million tons/year	27
	7. Electric Furnace	45
	8. Non-Ferrous Metal Processing	45
	9. Aluminum Oxide	35
Coal Industry	1. Coal Mines, Shale Mines without Coal Preparation Plant	26
	2. Same as above but with Coal Preparation Plant	26
	3. Coal Preparation Plants	23
Paper Industry	Paper and Cellulose Cardboard	35
Paper Industry	2. Recycled Paper Types and Cardboard Produced from Recycled Cellulose and Paper	40
Energy Sector	1. Power Plants with a Capacity greater than 2000 KV:
	a) Without Cooling Towers:
	+ Nuclear	22
	+ Using Solid Fuel	23
	+ Using Oil and Gas	33
	b) With Cooling Towers:
	+ Nuclear	21
	+ Using Solid Fuel	22
	+ Using Oil and Gas	31
	2. Thermal Power Plants with Cooling Towers
	a) Capacity below 500 KV:
	+ Using Solid Fuel	24
	+ Using Oil and Gas	23
	b) Capacity from 500 to 1,000 KV
	+ Using Solid Fuel	28
	+ Using Oil and Gas	26
	c) Capacity greater than 1,000 KV
	+ Using Solid Fuel	29
	+ Using Oil and Gas	30
Water Resources Sector	Operation and Repair Stations of Industrial Improvement Systems	50
Oil and Gas Industry	1. Measuring Equipment	30
	2. Oil and Gas Pumping Stations	23
	3. Central Oil and Gas Receiving and Preparation Stations:
	+ Less than 3 million tons/year	35
	+ Greater than 3 million tons/year	37
	4. Gas Pumping and Compression Equipment	35
	5. Compressed Gas Stations, Oil and Gas Transfer Pumping with Capacity:
	200,000 m³/day	25
	400,000 m³/day	30
	6. Water Pumping Units for Oil Reservoirs	25
	7. Production Service Facilities of Oil and Gas Extraction Enterprises and Exploration Control	45
	8. Technical Supply Facilities for the Oil and Gas Industry	45
	9. Geophysical Bases of the Oil and Gas Industry.	30
Mechanical Engineering Industry	1. Boilers, Power Furnaces, and Boiler Accessories	30
	2. Nuclear Power Reactors, Steam Turbines, Hydraulic Turbines, Gas Turbines, Turbine Accessories.	52
	3. Diesel Engines, Diesel Generators, and Diesel Power Stations for the Railway System	50
	4. Rolling and Forging Equipment, Blast Furnaces, Steel Furnaces, Sintering and Coking Equipment, Non-Ferrous Metallurgy Equipment	50
	5. Mechanized Support Equipment, Tunnel Excavation, Railway Carriages, Combined Mining Machines, Loading and Unloading Machines, Road Cleaning, etc., Mechanized Equipment for Surface Operations of Mines and Equipment, Machinery for the Mining Industry	52
	6. Electric Cranes and Gantry Cranes	50
	7. Conveyor Belts, Grab Buckets, Hoists, and Other Lifting and Transferring Equipment	52
	8. Elevators	65
	9. Locomotives, Railway Carriages	50
	10. Brake Equipment for Railway Carriages	52
Electrical Engineering Industry	1. Electric Motors	52
	2. Large Electrical Machines and Turbine Generators	50
	3. High-Frequency Equipment	60
	4. Transformers	45
	5. Low-Frequency Equipment and Lighting Engineering Machinery	58
	6. Cable Products	45
	7. Light Bulbs	45
	8. Insulating Materials	57
	9. Batteries	55
	10. Semiconductor Devices	52
Electronics Industry	1. Radio Industry with Total Production Floor Area:
	+ Less than 100,000 m²	50
	+Greater than 100,000 m²	55
	2. Electronic Battery Equipment, Electronic Station Components, etc.	53
	3. Specialized Technological Machinery and Equipment and Special Materials of the Electronics Industry	60
	4. Integrated Semiconductor Circuits and High-Frequency Equipment Components	45
Machinery for the Industry	1. Machinery, Equipment, Accessories of the Mining Industry, Oil and Gas Processing Industry, and Paper Industry.	50
Machinery for the Industry	2. Pipeline Industry Equipment.	55
Mechanical Engineering	1. Metal Cutting Machines, Foundry Equipment, and Woodworking Equipment for Mechanical Engineering	50
	2. Forging and Stamping Equipment	52
	3. Tools	60
	4. Artificial Diamonds, Color Materials, and Tools Made from Artificial Diamonds	45
	5. Casting	45
	6. Forging and Stamping	47
	7. Production of Welded Structures for Mechanical Engineering	50
	8. Common Components for the Mechanical Engineering Industry.	50
Equipment and Tool Production	Equipment and Tools for Automation and Control Systems
	a) When the Total Production Floor Area is Less than 100,000 m²	50
	b) Over 100,000 m²	55
	c) When Using Mercury and Melting Mercury	20
Medical Mechanical Engineering and Drug Production	1. Petroleum Chemistry	32
	2. Medical Instruments, Glass and Ceramic Medical Instruments	40
	3. Pill Production	45
Automotive Engineering	1. Automobile Production	45
	2. Automobile Assembly	55
	3. Machinery, Equipment, Replacement Parts and Accessorie	55
	4. Automobile Engines	50
	5. Axles	55
Agricultural Machinery Industry	1. Tractors, Agricultural Production Machines for Tractor Engines and Combined Machines	52
Agricultural Machinery Industry	2. Machinery, Equipment, Components and Spare Parts for Tractors and Agricultural Machines.	56
Road Construction Machinery Industry	1. Bulldozers, Excavators, Earth Moving Machines, and Components of Excavators	50
	2. Electrical Tools and Air Compressors and Small Mechanical Equipment	63
	3. Machinery and Equipment for the Wood Processing Industry, Peat Extraction, and Land Reclamation	55
Shipbuilding Industry and Maritime Sector	1. Shipbuilding	52
	2. River Vessel Repair with Capacity:
	+ Less than 20,000 tons/year	42
	+ From 20,000 tons/year to 40,000 tons/year	48
	+ From 46,000 tons/year to 60,000 tons/year	55
Wood Processing Industry	1. Logging with a Railway Transport System without a Wood Processing Section with Capacity:
	+ Less than 400,000 m³/year	28
	+ Greater than 4,000,000 m³/year	35
	– Logging with a Wood Processing Section:
	+ Less than 400,000 m³/year	23
	+ Greater than 400,000 m³/year	20
	2. Logging with a River Transport System Using Rafts	44
	3. Logging with a River Transport System Using Rafts for Wood Types:
	+ Capacity less than 400,000 m³/year	33
	+ Capacity greater than 400,000 m³/year	38
	4. Wood Sawing, Wood Product Manufacturing:
	+ When Bringing Raw Materials into the Factory and Transporting Products	38
	+ When Bringing Raw Materials into the Factory and Transporting Products by River	41
	5. Particle Boards	40
	6. Wooden Utensils	53
Light Industry	1. Cotton Cleaning when Storing Raw Materials in a Closed Warehouse	29
	2. Cotton Cleaning Machines when Storing Raw Materials in a 25% Closed Warehouse and 75% Op	22
	3. Cotton Processing Station	21
	4. Wool Spinning M	55
	5. Hemp Spinning Mills	24
	6. Rough Processing of Wool Fibe	61
	7. Silk Industry	41
	8. Textile Combine with Main Production Workshops on the 1st Floor	60
	9. Weaving Mills with Single-Story Buildings and Total Main Production Floor Area:
	+ Less than 50,000 m²	55
	+ Greater than 50,000 m²	60
	10. Weaving of Artistic Decorative Items	60
	11. Production of Cotton Fiber Underwear	60
	12. Garment Manufacturing	60
	13. Rough Processing of Leather Raw Materials:
	+ Single-Story Building	50
	+ Two-Story Building	45
	14. Artificial Leather and Other Raw Materials	55
	15. Leather Goods:
	+ Single-Story Buildin	50
	+ Multi-Story Building	55
	16. Fur Tanning	50
	17. Shoemaking:
	+ Single-Story Building	55
	+ Multi-Story Building	55
	18. Products of Shoemaking Industries Producing Miscellaneous Goods	50
Food Industry	1. Sugar Factories with a Capacity:
	+ Less than 3,000 tons/year	50
	+ From 3,000 tons to 6,000 tons/year	45
	2. Production of Bread and Other Bakery Products:
	+ Capacity less than 45 tons/day	37
	+ Capacity 45 tons/day	40
	3. Confectionery Production	50
	4. Vegetable Oil Production with Capacity:
	+ Less than 400 tons/day	33
	+ Greater than 400 tons/day	35
	5. Vegetable Butter Products	34
	6. Alcoholic Beverages, Beer, Canned Fruits and Vegetables, and Other Products	50
	7. Tea Production	40
	8. Tobacco	41
	9. Slaughterhouses	40
	10. Milk Processing with Small Capacity:
	+ Less than 100 tons/shift	43
	+ Greater than 100 tons/shift	48
	11. Production of Skimmed Milk Powder:
	+ Less than 5 tons/shift	36
	+ Greater than 5 tons/shift	42
	12. Canned Milk Production	45
	13. Cheese Production	37
	14. Flour Milling, Feed Processing, Flour Silos, Granular Flour	40
Agricultural Mechanical Repair	1.Repair of Transport Vehicle	60
	2. Repair of Tractors and Their Components	56
	3. Maintenance Station for Trucks	40
	4. Maintenance Station for Tractors, Bulldozers, and Other Machine	52
	5. Trading Facilities of the Region.	57
	6. Warehouses for Mineral Fertilizers, Lime, Other Chemicals	35
	7. Warehouses for Chemicals for Plant Protection	57
Local Industry	1. Lock and Hinge Products	61
	2. Wooden Household Utensils	53
	3. Artistic Ceramics	56
	4. Artistic Metal and Stone Products	52
	5. Musical Instruments	56
	6. Wooden and Metal Toys and Souvenirs	53
Building Materials Industry	1. Cement:
	+ Production by Dry Method	34
	+ Production by Wet Method	37
	2. Fibro-Cement Production	42
	3. Reinforced Concrete Pipes with a Capacity of 60,000 m³/year	42
	4. Components from Lightweight Concrete:
	+ Capacity 120,000 m³/year	44
	+ Capacity 200,000 m³/year	50
	5. Reinforced Concrete Structures for the Construction of Bridges and Roads (Railways and Highways) with a Capacity of 40,000 m³/year	40
	6. Reinforced Concrete Structures for the Construction of Structures with a Capacity of 150,000 m³/year	50
	7. Prefabricated Reinforced Concrete and Lightweight Concrete Structures for the Construction of Agricultural Structures with a Capacity:
	+ 40,000 m³/year	55
	+ 100,000 m³/year	50
	8. Reinforced Concrete Components for the Construction of Small Grain Processing Stations with a Capacity Less than 50,000 m³/year	55
	9. Combined Enterprises for the Production of Structural Components for Industrial Construction	50
	10. Fired Clay Bricks and Ceramic Brick Blocks	39
	11. Silicate Bricks	42
	12. Hollow Bricks, Glazed Facing Bricks, and Other Ceramic Brick Products	42
	13. Ceramic Drainage Pipes	43
	14. Extraction and Sorting of Stone and Gravel by Hydraulic Method with a Capacity of 500,000 m³/year to 1,000,000 m³/year	55
	15. Sorting of Gravel and Stone when Extracting by Excavators with a Capacity of 500,000 m³/year to 1,000,000 m³/year	27
	16. Crushing, Sorting of Other Raw Materials, Capacity 600,000 m³/year to 1,600,000 m³/year	30
	17. Sound Insulation and Thermal Insulation Materials	45
	18. Lime	30
	19. Gypsum Powder	33
	20. Construction Glass	36
	21. Extraction of Quartz Sand with a Capacity of 150,000 tons/year to 300,000 tons/year	27
	22. Glassware and Crystal	41
	23. Sanitary Ware and Construction Ceramics	42
	24. Steel Structures in Construction	55
	25. Steel Structures for Bridges	45
	26. Alloy Structures for Construction	60
	27. Repair of Construction Machinery	63
	28. Specialized Construction and Installation Enterprise Combine	55
	29. Construction Mechanization Facilities	47
	30. Management Facilities for Technical Production Equipment of Construction and Installation Companies	60
	31. Motor Transport Enterprises of Construction Organizations with 200 to 300 Large Specialized Trucks	40
	32. Garage for 150 Cars	40
	33. Garage for 250 Cars	50
Transport Construction Industry	1. Repair of Transport Vehicles with a Capacity of 2,000 to 10,000 Vehicles/year	60
	2. Repair of Engines of Transport Vehicles and Buses with a Capacity of 40,000 to 60,000 Vehicles/year	65
	3. Repair of Buses with Readily Available Replacement Engines with a Capacity of 1,000 to 2,000 Vehicles/year	60
	4. Center for Restoration of Machine Components	65
	5. Fleet of 200 Transport Vehicles:
	+ When 100% are Independent of Vehicle Trips	45
	+ When 50% are Independent of Vehicle Trips	51
	– Vehicle Parking Lot with the Number of Vehicles:
	+100 Vehicles	50
	+ 300 Vehicles	55
	6. Parking Lot for Taxis and Motorcycles with the Number:
	+ 300 Vehicle	52
	+ 500 Vehicle	55
	7. Transport terminal with a transport volume from 500 tons/day to 1,000 tons/day	55
	8. Maintenance center for 1,200 vehicles	45
	9. Car maintenance station with the number of repair bays:
	+ 3 bays	20
	+ 10 bays	28
	+ over 10 bays	30
	10. Petrol and oil supply stations with the number of vehicles served:
	+ 200 vehicles/day	13
	+ Over 200 vehicles/day	16
	11. Road repair stations	29
	12. Road construction company	40
	13. Concrete plant with capacity:
	+ 30,000 m³/year	42
	+ 60,000 tons/year	47
	14. Asphalt concrete production with capacity:
	+ 30,000 tons/year	35
	+ 60,000 tons/year	44
	15. Sand storage yard	48
	16. Yard for producing reinforced concrete components with a capacity of 4,000 m³/year	25
Fish Processing Industry	Fish processing with capacity:
	+ 10 10 tons/day	40
	+ Over 10 tons/da	45
Consumer Industry Serving Daily Life	Specialized enterprises serving daily life with a total production floor area greater than 2,000 m²:
	a. Garment manufacturing, clothing repair, radio repair, and photography enterprises	60
	b. Footwear production and repair, paint production for daily life	55
	c. Repair and production of wooden furniture	50
Petrochemical Industry	1. Oil refining industry	46
	2. Synthetic rubber productio	32
	3. Tire technology	55
	4. Rubber products	55
	5. Rubber shoe production	55
Geological Industry	1. Production and technical supply facilities for geological exploration organizations and teams	40
	2. Production facilities of oil and gas exploration enterprises
	+ With a volume of 20,000 m³/year	40
	+ 50,000 m³/year	45
Publishing Industry	Books, newspapers, magazines	50

APPENDIX C (Reference) EXPLANATION OF TERMS

C.1. The construction density within the enterprise’s land area is determined by the percentage ratio between the land area occupied by buildings and structures and the total land area within the enterprise’s fence, including the land area occupied by railway branches.

C.2. The land area occupied by construction is determined by the total land area occupied by buildings and structures of all types, including lightweight roofs, outdoor technological equipment, sanitary and energy technical equipment such as: gas tanks, electrical substations, water spray tanks, etc., outdoor warehouses or finished product yards equipped with mechanized loading and unloading of goods, overpasses, conveyor corridors, underground structures (underground storage tanks, underground tunnels for placing technical pipelines that can be accessed but do not allow the arrangement of buildings or structures on top). Parking lots for cars, machinery and equipment, and other open-air warehouses are taken according to industrial design standards.

The construction area also includes the land area reserved for the arrangement of buildings and structures as stated in the construction investment report (within the limits of buildings and structures).

The area of sidewalks around buildings and structures, pavements, roads and railways, temporary buildings and structures, outdoor sports grounds, workers’ rest areas, green spaces, shade trees, outdoor parking areas for personal vehicles, drainage ditches, retaining walls, etc., are not considered as construction area.

C.3. The land area occupied by buildings and structures is calculated according to the outer edge of the enclosing walls at the leveled ground elevation.

The land area occupied by conveyor corridor structures and bridge buildings is calculated as follows:

Taken as the projected area on the layout if it is not possible to construct other buildings and structures under these structures;
For types of bridge buildings, conveyor corridors, and overpasses, if it is possible to construct buildings and structures underneath, the occupied land area is only calculated as the foundation area of the supporting pillars at the planned elevation of the layout.

C.4. The minimum allowable construction density can be increased or decreased when there is a reasonable technical justification based on the reference values mentioned in Table B.1 of Appendix B of this standard and the following conditions:

a) For mechanical engineering enterprises with foundry and forging workshops.

b) When constructing enterprises on land with unfavorable natural conditions or complex engineering geological conditions.

c) For ship repair enterprises on rivers.

d) For mechanical engineering enterprises in the transportation and large energy sectors, when it is necessary to arrange the transportation of objects longer than 6 m inside the factory on trailers, on tractor trucks (large cranes, train carriages, etc.) or by internal railway between workshops, objects with large dimensions and weight greater than 10 tons (boilers, nuclear reactors, etc.)

e) For electronic industry, gas, food processing (cheese, milk) enterprises, when it is necessary to construct energy facilities and drinking water facilities on the enterprise’s land area.

REFERENCE DOCUMENT DIRECTORY

[1]- QCXDVN 01: 2008/BXD- Vietnam Building Code – Construction Planning.